Healthcare science and health systems worldwide are adapting, expanding, or straining to address the complex and varying needs of vulnerable and underserved populations: children, women, gender minorities, refugees and displaced persons, the elderly, the mentally ill, and the economically disadvantaged. Our programs explore the potential of using both indigenous and new science and technology to support vulnerable populations as well as the limitations and possibilities of contrasting health policy initiatives at the intersections of regional and local governments, global and community organizations, and traditional and indigenous approaches. Students examine the medical and social determinants of health and well-being in urban and rural settings to understand how health carers, policies, and programs can best support those in dire need.